Health Systems Development Motive And Thesis - 753 Words

Health Systems Development Motive and Thesis Universal access to specific health services was reflected in the MDGs and several targets have been achieved over the past 15 years. For example, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS in the form of antiretroviral therapy has increased since the year 2000 and as a result millions of deaths have been prevented (UN, 2015). However, in order to continue this progress and ensure sustainable development, strengthening health systems is necessary. Specifically, as NCDs have become leading causes of mortality and health needs and demographics have changed with this epidemiological shift, it is necessary for health systems to focus on prevention and management. Integrating chronic care models into health care systems can potentially have immense impacts on health and human development over the next two decades. Evidence NCDs are not only one of the leading causes of premature death in low- and middle- income countries but they are also respo nsible for a majority of older adult deaths. Around the globe, the number of individuals over 60 years of age is increasing faster than any other age group due to longer life expectancy and declines in fertility rates (WHO, 2015d). Moreover, children are also vulnerable to risk factors that contribute to NCDs, such as unhealthy diets and physical inactivity (WHO, 2015b). The significant prevalence of NCDs demonstrates that targeting them should be a priority over the next two decades,Show MoreRelatedEthical Principles Of The Word Ethics1464 Words   |  6 Pagescreation of laws, interpreted by an advocate that has legitimate authority to create it. Moreover, laws must be written and approved by the government before they are implemented and enforced by the police and the military, with the help of the legal system that consists of lawyers and other government servers. Based on the ethics of society, laws are enforced by governments to mediate among our relationships. Furthermore, laws are made by governments to protect their citizens, maintain the order, resolveRead MorePublic Services Funded By Taxpayer Money908 Words   |  4 Pagesthough there are some similar stuff between them there is a little thing that distinguishes each one from each other. In this paper, I will go through each term and how each and everyone is different from each other. First of all Socialism is a system of society in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the state. It mostly relies on governmental planning, preferably than the marketplace, to spread resources. Although it is possible for individuals living in a socialist countryRead MoreTheoretical Concepts And Concerns About Performance Management922 Words   |  4 Pagesit is related with improving organizations (Armstrong, 1994) or Talbot (2010) might said improving government performance. Performance management, apparently is a system through which organization set work goals, determine performance standards, assign and evaluate work, provide performance feedback, determine training and development needs, and distribute ‘rewards’ (Bouckaert Halligan, 2008). For the consistency of the discussions and arguments in this dissertation, this section reviews and definesRead MoreUnderstanding Tourist Motivation and Behaviour Concerning Dark Tourism Sites3254 Words   |  14 PagesUnderstanding tourist motivation concerning the term dark tourism with a focus on Alcatraz Table of Content 1. Introduction 3 2. Abstract 4 3. The definition development of dark tourism 5 4. The different types of Dark Tourism 6 4.1. Holocaust Tourism 6 4.2. Battlefield tourism 6 4.3. Cemetery Tourism 7 4.4. Slavery-Heritage Tourism 7 4.5. Prison tourism 7 5. Motivation factors vary from person to person. 7 5.1. Belonging to a particular community and education 7 5.2. Concept of SchadenfreudeRead MoreSuicide : What Drives A Person?1049 Words   |  5 Pagesattempt. I am trying to be an advocate for trouble youth so such information is pertinent to what I am trying to accomplish. It takes a patient and non-bias person to understand that everyone has inner demons that they can’t deal with on their own. Thesis: Suicide is usually a permanent solution to problems that are normally temporary. Most people may deem suicide as a cowardly act as the person committing it is trying to hide from the truth or avoiding some particular consequences that may be waitingRead MoreStarbucks Thesis12058 Words   |  49 PagesStarbucks BAMMC – BA Thesis May, 2012 Corporate Social Responsibility – A case study of Starbucks’ CSR communication through its corporate website Bachelor Thesis in Marketing and Management Communication Sanne Sanne Bruhn-Hansen CPR: XXXXXX-XXXX Supervisor: Tomasz A. Fediuk No. of characters: Thesis: 54,329 Abstract: 3,492 Page 1 of 42 Sanne Bruhn-Hansen Supervisor: Tomasz A. Fediuk Corporate Social Responsibility Starbucks BAMMC – BA Thesis May, 2012 Abstract Read MoreSick Planet : Corporate Food And Medicine Essay1669 Words   |  7 Pagesin both Hardcover (US$81) and Paperback (US$17.56). 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William Name – Second Reader Include titleRead MoreEntrepreneurship and Innovation Management9362 Words   |  38 PagesEntrepreneurship  and  Innovation  Management  Master’s  Thesis   Serkan Ceylan                      Entrepreneurship  and  Innovation  Management Master’s  Thesis Serkan  Ceylan      ABSTRACT   The purpose of this study is to analyse the problem that the companies do not use the potential of their employees on innovations and intrapreneurial processes. The source of innovation is usually the entrepreneur. These are individuals that come up with new ideasRead MoreCustomers Behaviour in E-Commerce in China17665 Words   |  71 PagesCHINA Case: taobao Thesis Xinxing Hong Yanlong Chen Degree Programme in International Business International Marketing Management SAVONIA UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES Business and Administration, Varkaus Degree Programme, option Bachelor of Business Administration, International Business, International Marketing Management Author(s) Hong Xinxing Chen Yanlong Title of study CUSTOMER’S BEHAVIOUR IN E-COMMERCE IN CHINA Type of project Date Pages Thesis Supervisor(s) of

Juvenile Recidivism - 3788 Words

Juvenile Recidivism Karen G Liberty University Abstract Recidivism is when someone returns to the same behavior that they were previously doing (Unruh, Gau, amp; Waintrup, 2009). There are many factors that raise the risk of juvenile recidivism such as single parenting, and even when the parents become involved in drug use. When juveniles become high risk for recidivism it is important that the adults whether it be the parents, teachers or any adult in authority step in to help the juvenile to make better choices. By an adult taking an interest in the child it can prevent them from falling into a group that becomes high risk. From 1984 through 1997 a 71% there was a rise in crimes committed by juveniles that were also violent offences†¦show more content†¦16). When a mother is an active state of drug addiction it puts her child at a higher risk of psychological problems. A study has shown that the children don’t get medical treatment for the first two years of their lives, which is only the start of the maltreatment that t hey suffer (Callaghan, Crimmins, amp; Schweitzer, 2010, p. 223). Suchman (2010), states that â€Å"Parenting problems observed during the children’s first three years of life include poor attachment, responsiveness, adaptability, and structure juxtaposed with heightened physical activity, provocation, and intrusiveness (p. 483). What the child gets or the lack thereof can be from the mothers own problems from her childhood (Suchman, 2010, p. 484). When these mothers had poor parents themselves it gives them a distorted view of how parenting should be. This many times can lead to the mothers abusiveness and neglect for her own child plus the use of drugs on the mothers part (2010, p. 485). Poverty can play a role in problems that children can face. The lacks of medical attention, poor academic success, along with psychological difficulties are some of the challenges that these children face. The contributing factors that they face are drug use, criminal behavior, and not doin g well academically. When these youth are constantly exposed to such unstable behaviors, it plays a vital role in the outcome of their own lives thatShow MoreRelatedThe Recidivism Area On Juvenile Delinquency1670 Words   |  7 PagesIn order to conduct research in the recidivism area, the use of secondary data will be used as an appropriate method for analysis. This analysis consists of measuring traditional penal sanctions such as incarceration versus alternative ways such as a rehabilitation treatment to deal with juvenile delinquency and investigate how it affects recidivism rates. The primary attention for this research proposal purpose is to rely only on juvenile delinquency data as the necessary specific information isRead MoreJuvenile Recidivism and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy600 Words   |  3 PagesJuvenile Recidivism and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (Participant Information Sheet and Consent Form)-Appendix B As part of the requirements for a degree in Criminal Justice at the State University of New York at Buffalo, I have to conduct a research study. This research looks at the effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on recidivism rates. Prison recidivism rates continue to be a problem in the United States. Just within the first 3 years of release from prison, it is estimated that moreRead MoreThe Effects Of Restorative Justice On Juvenile Recidivism1407 Words   |  6 Pageson the effects of restorative justice on juvenile recidivism range from meta-analyses of multiple studies to individual program studies. According to Bradshaw and Roseborough (2005), â€Å"The use of meta-analytic methods provides a useful means for summarizing diverse research findings across restorative justice studies and synthesizing these findings in an objective manner.† (p. 19). Four meta-analytic studies reveal an overall reduction in juvenile recidivism (Bradshaw and Roseborough 2005; BradshawRead MoreEssay about Juvenile Recidivism3185 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction: Recidivism or, habitual relapses into crime, has time and time again proven to be an issue among delinquents, which thereby increases the overall juvenile pri son population. This issue has become more prevalent than what we realize. Unless a unit for measuring a juvenile’s risk of recidivism is enacted and used to determine a system to promote effective prevention, than the juvenile prison population will continue to increase. Our court system should not only focus on punishing theRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency And The Recidivism Rate2469 Words   |  10 Pages Juvenile Delinquency and the Recidivism Rate Nathaniel L. Rogers CJ 3090 Dr. Morrison November 24, 2014 Juvenile Delinquency and the Recidivism Rate Juvenile Delinquency seems to always find itself on the front pages of newspapers. The juvenile delinquency rate is very high in America, today. According to Seigel and Welsh (2014) juvenile delinquency is defined as the participation in illegal behavior by a minor who falls under the statutory age limit (p. 648). TheRead MoreMentoring Program to Reduce Juvenile Recidivism4170 Words   |  17 Pageswere placed under rehabilitation centers reconnect to community and avoid recidivism is to provide them education and employment opportunities upon release. It is in this area where mentoring programs to achieve this goal are gaining popularity, the authors said (p.20). The purpose of this paper is to survey the literature that tackles mentoring the youth at risk of re-offending, particularly those included in the juvenile justice system. Mentoring is an intervention program which aims to createRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency And The Recidivism Rate2261 Words   |  10 PagesJuvenile Delinquency and the Recidivism Rate Juvenile Delinquency seems to always find itself on the front pages of newspapers. The juvenile delinquency rate is very high in America, today. According to Seigel and Welsh (2014) juvenile delinquency is defined as the participation in illegal behavior by a minor who falls under the statutory age limit (p. 648). The statutory age limit varies in different states. For example, a juvenile might be considered an adult in different state for variousRead MoreJuvenile Justice System And Ideas For Deter Recidivism2131 Words   |  9 Pages Juvenile Justice System and Ideas to deter Recidivism Unit 3 Assignment 1 Ann-Marie Cameron Capella University Dr. O’Conner April 30, 2015 Introduction Within the Juvenile system no one really takes the time to systematically track the statistics concerning the changes that need to be made within the system to deter juvenile offenders. The system tends to move slowly when it involves change because it can be costly. So, with many budget cuts happening we will need to tackle theRead MoreEvaluation Of Robinson s Juvenile Recidivism Prevention Center3541 Words   |  15 PagesABSTRACT According to the Office of Juvenile Justice and delinquency prevention, mentoring is a valuable method to avert at-risk juvenile from involvement in delinquency and also to facilitate already delinquent ones to transform their lives for the better. Evaluation is useful in assuring that the mentoring program is working as intended and to establish whether the program is meeting its goals and objectives. Without conducting an actual evaluation, program teams sometimes draw on findings thatRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency And Recidivism Are A Major Problem Within Our Country Today Essay1514 Words   |  7 Pages Juvenile delinquency and recidivism are a major problem within our country today. There are a number of programs out there that provide treatment for issues such as drug addiction and abuse. There are other programs that provide help for gang involvement, provide help to female offenders, provide help with family counseling, and for mental health issues. There are still others tha t help with community outreach and help with parenting and helping the family dynamic. Providing effective treatment

Needing Success Like Air free essay sample

I tumbled end over end through the violent, crystal azure world, eyes tightly shut and heart pounding, using the small amount of oxygen Id been able to suck in before being taken to the depths by the monstrous rogue wave. You learn a lot about yourself in the moments when you think youre about to die. Some say their lives flash before their eyes, but all I saw was my future. Suddenly, my whole life – loves, hopes, dreams, aspirations – was brought to bear and seemed blatantly clear, all with a feeling of being cheated out of time. Suddenly I knew who I was and who I wanted to be. The ocean had other plans for me at that moment though. I was just an irrelevant piece of flotsam in its territory, and it would treat me as the invader I was. The undertow pulled at my helpless body, and the rip curl pushed me farther out to sea. We will write a custom essay sample on Needing Success Like Air or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In that moment, all I could do was desperately hope the current would let up and stop scraping my back against the coarse, sandy bottom. My lungs started to sting – a harsh burning sensation making its way up my throat. It quickly transformed into a fire in my chest, a flame that desperately needed to escape. All I had to do was to open my mouth for it to be extinguished. It was an enticing offer. AIR! I NEED AIR! my mind screamed through the fog of my asphyxiated consciousness. My heart was about to explode. Thats when I had the thought: I am going to die. It crashed through my being, jumpstarting my brain and hotwiring my body. I thrashed my arms and legs, desperately swimming upward. I couldnt slack on this; I couldnt quit and take a bad grade. I couldnt give up – I would not give up. There was only one thing: the search for air. But then suddenly another thought hit, then another, and another and another. Before I knew it, everything I wanted out of life was laid out in front of me. I havent skydived yet. I havent driven a race car. I havent camped out on the beach. I havent kissed a supermodel. I havent written a book. I havent graduated. I havent gone to college. Ive had no chance to be successful – and I want to be successful. I need to be successful. My need for success was as vital as my need for air. Anger welled up – this wasnt fair! My life was just starting; it couldnt end so soon. I hadnt had my chance yet! I desperately kicked harder, reaching for the surface. It seemed so far away. I opened my mouth and screamed, releasing the last of my oxygen, pain scorching my entire body. This was it. No, no, no! Im not ready to go. Please, God, no! I broke the surface. I inhaled. Relief and elation filled my gasping lungs, along with life-giving air. I would not die today. Ive been thinking about those moments under the currents for over a year – the fire that burned inside me, not just for life but to live. In those desperate seconds I was fighting to climb out of the depths so I could light my spark, so I could die only after I had squeezed absolutely everything out of my time on this earth. The air was my life, and Im still searching for it. I never plan on stopping.

Political Consequences of Globalisation free essay sample

Today’s world is faced with various questions concerning political affairs such as peace, legislation, policymaking, and cooperation between states and even societies. But one of the fundamental dilemmas of the contemporary times is undoubtedly the question of globalisation. This phenomenon is based on numerous worldwide exchanges in the field of economy, social life, culture, ideology and the environment- all of these elements leading to certain political consequences. Globalisation, which has been pushed forward by the expansion of capitalism, has been seen in the political world since 1848, when Marx and Engels stated how the â€Å"bourgeoisie has through its exploitation of the world market given a cosmopolitan character to production and exchanged â€Å"local and national seclusion and self-sufficiency† for â€Å"universal inter-dependence of nations† (1966: 112). Nowadays, many people around the globe ask themselves the questions: What are the political costs of globalisation? Does it bring prosperity and development to our world or poverty and the deepening of differences in national wealth between countries? Does it bring people together and serves as a means of knowledge about various cultures or is it a form of spreading and forcing people into accepting a universal ‘pop’ culture? In this essay, an analysis of the political consequences of globalisation will try to answer these questions. We will write a custom essay sample on Political Consequences of Globalisation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Globalisation has influenced and even changed the world system in various positive ways. According to the supporters of social democratic global governance, globalization, after the fall of the Soviet bloc, has created opportunities for advancing the â€Å"cause of human rights, to challenge dictatorial rule, and to spread the principles of democracy throughout the developing world. New criteria of liberal democracy have been advanced in most international development organisations to judge the relative fitness and legitimacy of states, making it difficult †¦ for dictatorial regimes to gain legitimacy in the world arena† (Putzel 2004). But on the other hand, globalisation got rid of the idea of checks and balances, leaving hegemons, like the United States, in charge which may sometimes lead to breaking of the multipolar world order and principles of peaceful international relations introduced after the end of World War II. For example, this was visible in the case of the Iraq invasion. Modern globalisation is also seen as the world-wide exchange of information amongst people. Universally used tools, such as the internet, have led to the creation of the so-called ‘cyber-sphere’ in which people are able to converse freely about the political situations in their countries as well as exchange their personal insights and feelings. The cyber-sphere is also perceived as a new dimension of communication for governments, which are able to control their economies that are now existing in the cyber world. Furthermore, the internet became not only the means by which people are able to exchange valuable ideas but it is also used as a weapon by terrorist groups. Moreover, it provides access to a variety of scientific sources but it also creates the risk of plagiarism and theft. Various governments are not able to fully regulate what is being done or said on the internet, therefore, it is very important for countries to work together in the fight against extremism and cyber-crime. Furthermore, globalisation became the source for the accelerating competition around the globe which thus led to the increase in production and efficiency. Competition and increasing market space can lead to specialisation and an improved division of labour. There are also economies of scale and scope that have salutary effects on costs and prices and which provide a strong impetus for economic growth† (Pere 2007). Competition is able to increase standards of living and promote higher wages. Also, according to Anthony Giddens, globalization over a period of time has weakened the notion of the nation-state and â€Å"regenerated local identities† (1998: 2 8-33). It is now forcing governments to consider a wide range of actors such as individuals, firms, nations, trading blocs or non-governmental organizations and â€Å"providing a form of governance over society and economy, which is no longer the prerogative of governments† (1998: 28-33). This tames the government’ egoistic decisions in the economic sphere that might enrich their own countries but lead in fact to the decline of others. According to the globalisation theory, many states were forced in the past few years to abandon their particular political drives in the economic sphere, and due to this the differences between national economies are slowly diminishing (Thompson 2010: 132). â€Å"Underlying this thesis is a rather deterministic conception of globalization as an ‘iron cage’ which imposes a global financial discipline on governments, severely constraining the scope for progressive policies and undermining the social bargain on which the post-Second-World-War welfare state rested† (Held et al. 1999). Because of this the gap between the rich and the poor is rapidly growing even into the 21st century. â€Å"[T]here is evidence that the bottom 10 per cent of the world’s population has become even poorer since the beginning of the 1990s† (Croft 2010: 211). While it can be noticed that some parts of the world, mainly in Asia, have witnessed the positive side of globalisation that led to swift growth and substantial poverty decrease, many other areas in Latin America and most of Africa have experienced economic immobility or even decline that lead to the rise in poverty and inequality. Furthermore, many instabilities of countries at a regional or global level are due to the interconnectivity and interdependence of economies. Economic insecurities and crisis in one country can lead to local or even global problems. â€Å"The most dramatic instance of this was the exchange rate and financial crisis in Asia, which started in Thailand in 1998, and spread to other South-east Asian economies but which also sent ripples throughout the international financial system† (Pere 2007). These links that bind the world’s economies together suggest mutual vulnerability which might lead to conflict. Various countries are sceptical about the positive aspect of globalisation and therefore they believe that they have lost the grasp on their own economies and became the victims of powerful and bigger countries, various multinational firms, and international institutions. Joseph Stiglitz, who is the former chief economist of the World Bank, is one of many that support this notion. He wrote in Globalization and its Discontents (2002: 214) that â€Å"globalization today is not working for many of the world’s poor. † He was right in the fact that many of these poor countries are not able to eat the fruits of globalisation. Their percentage in the volume of global trade is decreasing. There are many aspects of globalisation that are non-economic, yet have an even greater impact on the contemporary world. There have been many new security challenges in the interdependent world that have led to regional conflicts and violence. International security issues have become very interconnected. These issues raise questions about problems like scarce energy or water provisions, illegitimate and tyrannical governments, terrorism, and environmental issues such as global warming and epidemics such as HIV or AIDS. Stuart Croft illustrates this interconnectivity by showing how â€Å"a concern with a terrorist organization might connect into international trade (smuggling of †¦weapons), into international finance (control of terrorist finances), and into development issues (how to support the development of regions beset by terrorism)† (Croft 2010: 189). Moreover, even though the end of the Cold War diminished the fear of nuclear weapons, it did not lead its total disappearance. There is still an on-going proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. Due to this, globalisation can put at risk the countries of the world. Al Qaeda and other transnational actors have formed global networks of operatives, challenging conventional approaches to national defence in what has been called asymmetrical warfare† (Nye 2013: 257). Additionally, with less state control over foreign exchange and the removal of most trade barriers, non-state actors gained unrestricted access to income from res ources such as narcotics, diamonds, and weapons supplies. â€Å"This created a perverse and vicious cycle: falling state revenues, leading to increasing ineffectiveness of authority, allowing expanded smuggling, leading to further declines in revenue† (Putzel 2004). Today’s globalisation has gone much â€Å"farther, faster, cheaper, and deeper† (Friedman 1999: 7-8). This swiftness creates another problem- it forms uncertainty and makes it much more difficult to shape policy responses. Karl Polanyi in his book The Great Transformation claimed that â€Å"the market forces unleashed by the Industrial Revolution and globalisation in the nineteenth century produced not only great economic gains, but also great social disruptions and political reactions† (1944). Many countries have responded in various ways to the speedy changes made by globalisation. In countries such as Iran and Bosnia, globalisation has been very frowned upon because it challenges the conservative or even extremist views of those nations and brings in foreign (i. e. Western) ideas. In addition, the anti-globalisation attitudes are partially a reply to the alterations shaped by economic interdependence. â€Å"From an economist’s view, imperfect markets are inefficient, but from a political view, some imperfections in international markets can be considered ‘useful inefficiencies’ because they slow down and buffer political change. As globalisation removes such inefficiencies, it becomes the political prisoner of its economic success† (Nye 2013: 261). In conclusion, the concept of globalisation has both positive and negative political consequences. It intensifies inequality by which it increases political risks and widens already present social gaps. It causes developing countries to have the hardest time when trying to assimilate into global economies and markets. Globalisation is a means by which people are able to exchange valuable information and ideas but it also poses a threat because it opens doors to terrorism and cyber-crime. Additionally, due to globalization, today’s decisions about global politics lay mostly in the hands of international and non-governmental organisations and this partially leads to the weakening of the nation-state. Therefore, â€Å"Globalisation [has] transformed the terrain of politics, but the role, and indeed the need for the establishment or reinforcement, of modern states has never been more important†.

Frankie and alice Essay Example

Frankie and alice Essay Example Frankie and alice Essay Frankie and alice Essay Empathy is not simply a matter of trying to imagine what others are going through, but having the will to muster enough courage to do something about it. In a way, empathy is predicated upon hope . ? Cornel West Every human being is born in this world with the basic instincts to be able to understand one another and imagine what others are going through. Some of us are lucky enough to recognize this natural in built power we posses and magnify it to the fullest . We not only put ourselves in their shoes but we also help them feel better while walking in their own. It is the capacity we have to recognize emotions that are being experienced by another. According to me one is fortunate if they have been able to master this emotion and have had the courage to be selfless, with the desire to help another without thinking of what the circumstances may lead to be. Its not an easy task to come forward and have this selfless ability to help another with obstacles that are coming in their way of living a peaceful life, but we all can surely ark towards it and take an initiative everyday to make life a less of a misery for someone whose life may seem like a mess. : We as teenagers are young and brimming with immense amounts of emotions and feelings we are emotionally fragile but yet we have the innocence to help one and other without thinking about are gain though sometimes we get carried away. We are around people that are the same age as us, who are facing the same dilemmas and problems as we feel hence we easily feel empathy for one and other but we often hesitate to help them strive from their weaknesses, as we are too engrossed in our own. One must know that the best way to overcome your problem is by helping another overcome theirs. Its not Just enough to feel somebody pain, as it will only make difference when we actually help them to overcome it. This is the power we have been blessed with. We are born with an ability to hope for good and act accordingly. We cannot use this for our benefit at all mimes and be selfish with the excuse that we are too busy looking for great things for ourselves. We need to move beyond our needs and make a difference that will leave an impact which will last forever. We need to focus more on being good human beings and inculcating true morals that will helps us on the long run. In life when we do something great for someone we shall feel incredible as we could make a difference to someone and help them pull through a hard time. Dont make empathy an emotion we all express but an action we all execute.

Economic Reasons for Legalizing Marijuana

Economic Reasons for Legalizing Marijuana The war on drugs- no matter how you feel about it- is undoubtedly expensive. A great deal of resources go into catching those who buy and sell illegal drugs, prosecuting them in court, and housing them in jail. Critics of the war on drugs believe these costs are especially exorbitant when it comes to marijuana, a substance that is widely used and, according to numerous scientists, no more harmful than legal drugs such as tobacco and alcohol. Theres another cost to the war on drugs, too- the revenue lost by governments that cannot collect taxes on the sale of illegal drugs. In a 2010 study for the Fraser Institute, economist Stephen T. Easton attempted to calculate how much tax revenue the Canadian government could gain by legalizing marijuana. In 2018, for many of the reasons Easton outlined in his study, Canada passed the Cannabis Act, which legalized the adult use of recreational marijuana. Revenue From Marijuana Sales Eastons study estimated that the average price of 0.5 grams (a unit) of marijuana sold for $8.60 on the black market, while its cost of production was only $1.70. In a free market, a $6.90 profit for a unit of marijuana would not last for long. Entrepreneurs noticing the great profits to be made in the marijuana market would start their own grow operations, increasing the supply of marijuana, which would cause the street price of the drug to fall to a level much closer to the cost of production. Of course, this doesnt happen because the product is illegal; the prospect of jail time deters many entrepreneurs and the occasional drug bust ensures that the supply stays relatively low. We can consider much of this $6.90 per unit of marijuana profit a risk-premium for participating in the underground economy. Before Canada legalized cannabis, this risk premium was making a lot of criminals, many of whom had ties to organized crime, very wealthy. Marijuana Taxes Easton argued that if marijuana were legalized, the excess profits produced by the risk-premium could be transferred to the government: If we substitute a tax on marijuana cigarettes equal to the difference between the local production cost and the street price people currently paythat is, transfer the revenue from the current producers and marketers (many of whom work with organized crime) to the government, leaving all other marketing and transportation issues aside we would have revenue of (say) $7 per [unit]. If you could collect on every cigarette and ignore the transportation, marketing, and advertising costs, this comes to over $2 billion on Canadian sales and substantially more from an export tax, and you forego the costs of enforcement and deploy your policing assets elsewhere. Supply and Demand One interesting thing to note from such a scheme is that the street price of marijuana stays exactly the same, so the quantity demanded should remain the same as the price is unchanged. However, its quite likely, in places where cannabis use is currently criminalized, that legalization would change the demand for marijuana. We saw that there was a risk in illegally selling marijuana, but since drug laws often target both the buyer and the seller, there is also a risk (albeit smaller) to the consumer interested in buying marijuana. Legalization would eliminate this risk, causing the demand to rise. From a public policy standpoint, this is a mixed bag: Increased marijuana use can have ill effects on the health of the population, but the increased sales bring in more revenue for the government. By legalizing marijuana, governments can have some control over how much marijuana is consumed by increasing or decreasing taxes on the product. There is a limit to this, however, as setting taxes too high will cause marijuana growers to sell on the black market to avoid excessive taxation. When considering legalizing marijuana, there are many economic, health, and social issues to analyze. Although one economic study should not be the basis for a countrys public policy decisions, Eastons research does conclusively show that there are economic benefits to the legalization of marijuana. With governments scrambling to find new sources of revenue to pay for important social objectives such as health care and education, you can expect to see more leaders exploring the idea of legalization.

Debate topic Abortion Should Be Illegal in Canada Essay

Debate topic Abortion Should Be Illegal in Canada - Essay Example Indeed, the situation is causing enough concern that skilled manpower has to be imported not only for the purpose of obtaining the best brain power but also to augment the population figures. This may not be the best way to preserve human habitation, like we do with natural reserves to preserve dying species of wildlife. Couples desirous of prolonging conception or limiting their families may be inclined to resort to abortion. As such, pro-choice is pro-child and serves the interest of the family. However a rising number of children may encourage couples to abort the unwanted child. Nonetheless, in Canada, the rules must favor child birth, and governmental incentives must be put in place to encourage bigger family units. Also, the vexatious issue of teenage sex and pregnancy, repugnant as it may seem, must be viewed with concern as well as consequence. This is so that although teenagers may be educated against pregnancy before marriage, they could be encouraged to avoid abortion to bring up the child as a consequence to their deed, even if it had been a result of an impulsive act. In many ways, the Catholic Church is doing a yeoman service by discouraging abortion from its rooftops. The Bible prohibits abortion in no uncertain terms.

Your personal reflections discuss the challenges, problems and Essay

Your personal reflections discuss the challenges, problems and conflicts that may occur in teams, Are teams more effective decision makers and problem solvers than individuals - Essay Example However, working with individual eliminates the possibility of collision of many ideas which ultimately stems into chaos. I had a great time with my team members who belong to different cultures and country as a whole. Two of the team members are from Qatar; others are from Egypt, Chad and China. Through this session of team work I have identified the characteristics of each team member and have studied them properly. The exhibition is expected to be successful since each and every team members have the capability to deal with any difficulty or unforeseen situation. The effectiveness of their decision making is high since all of them give their ideas and collectively reach a certain decision which is likely to be successful. The essay highlights my perception and experience during the preparation of the exhibition with my team members (Ahuja, 2006). I have observed that people often forms a group to accomplish some but they may not work together too. However, if they work together they are called a team. A team can be referred as a group of people who first organize themselves for working cooperatively towards a single objective which is set by them. However, according to my perception effective teams cannot be created automatically. There are people in a team who pass through a phase of understanding and cohesion at the same time before they are able to do some useful work and take a critical decision (Ahuja, 2006). During preparation of the exhibition my team is formed by taking the most efficient members who can contribute positively towards the attainment of the goal. The team members are individual researchers who have helped in doing researches about the main topic of the exhibition and share their understanding regarding the same. It is very crucial for me to understand the development of the team since each and every member have different potency and different bent of mind which guards their morality and

How Do Floods Occur Essay Example for Free

How Do Floods Occur Essay When floods develop, the places in which they do so are called water sheds. These water sheds can be either man made or they can be natural. A watershed is defined as an area that is between a land mass and a water source. A watershed can be a lake or a river. If this particular watershed is working appropriately, then the water should be drained into the ground naturally. However, if there is too much snowfall or rainfall, then the watershed cannot hold so much water and this results in overflowing of the water. However, when we are talking about the water sheds it is just not a small quantity of water but we are talking about huge volumes. So, a lot of water can actually drown an entire city. A combination of rains and excessive water can form the perfect recipe for a flood. When it rains the water levels constantly rise up and the rivers or lakes that act as water sheds cannot hold anymore water and so they also start overflowing and this results in a major flood. Even humans are some of the contributing factors to a flood actually. With so much development in the form of roads, infrastructure and buildings, there is very left ground left. So, there is no mud left for absorbing the water that comes in the form of rainfalls. If there are drains available, then the waters naturally flow into the drains and then led to the sea. However, when the drains are full due to continuous rainfall, then the cities get flooded.

The Rape of Africa in Heart of Darkness Essay -- Heart Darkness essays

The Rape of Africa in Heart of Darkness At the threshold of the twentieth century, when exploitation of colonies was still widely spread and the problem of abuse of natural resources and native inhabitants was largely ignored, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness invites us to reflect on and ask ourselves when does progress and expansion become rape. Joseph Conrad presents us with this, unfortunately, ageless book. It sheds a bright light onto the inherit darkness of our human inclinations, stripped of pretense, in the middle of the jungle where those savage tendencies are provided with a fertile ground. The combination of greed, climate and the demoralizing effect of frontier life brought out the worst in people. They were raping the land, practically stealing the ivory from the natives, whom they were treating like slaves, or even worse than slaves, for slaves in America were an expensive commodity and therefore it was in the best interest of slave-owners to keep them well fed and healthy; these poor chaps, however, were allowed to starve to death once they fell ill. ...

Internet and relationship

The word â€Å"dating† and â€Å"relationship† differs a lot from old times and now. Technology made a huge difference of the comprehension of â€Å"hookups†, â€Å"friends†, and â€Å"friends with benefits†. Internet, cell phones, blobs, and many other resources changed the way teenagers think about the opposite sex or the same sex as well. Relationships turned out to be â€Å"the old fashion† and hookups are the best. First, relationships aren't that serious anymore. Teens are looking for something new, meeting sexual, something to turn them on.Backbone is one of the most used sites in these days; it connects you to the world and let you meet a new different type of people worldwide. â€Å"Backbone is the most useful tool for dating since the invention of the box of chocolates. It may also be the most dangerous threat to dating since bad breath† (Fox, Stuart). This generation mostly thinks about hooking up with hot guys, pretty girls , kissing, having sex, hugging, and flirting. Through internet, two people can do a lot, they can chat, video cam, talk privately; meet new people and a lot more.Internet is not proper sometimes. A lot of websites and blobs are influencing teenagers to do bad stuff or to rush into things before its time. Backbone, Namespace, twitter, and many other social network websites aren't private anymore. Anyone knows about you, what you like and don't, your relationship status, and what you are looking for. â€Å"With social networking sites, with Backbone, if you click that you're in a relationship, it [notifies] everyone that you're in a relationship. Its public broadcasting, this isn't part of a good relationship† (Fox, Stuart).Dating isn't about love at first site, or waiting by her house. It is not about emotions anymore, it's only about what a girl or a guy wants. They want something new, something to talk about or feel proud. â€Å"Social networking has created an array of new dating rules, making the old style â€Å"wait three days before calling† seem quaint by comparison† (Fox, Stuart). As for me, I see that this kind of relationships and the affection of the internet use is a problematic situation. Teenagers Just want to do what other people are doing whether it is right or wrong.They Just don't want to be losers, so they adapt and do what their peers do. They hookup, do random sex, flirt, and that's it. Nobody cares about each other feeling as long as you are getting what you want, everyone benefits from everyone. Finally, internet has played a big role not only in the teenager's world but in everyone's world. Time has changed; technology is getting better year after year. â€Å"Relationships† are now an old fashion way to go out with a guy/girl and in the end someone's heart is going to be broken.Hooking up won't get anyone's heart tear apart, it is Just you do what you want to with no limits or rules as long as in the end they are Just called â€Å"friends†. Work cited Fox, Stuart. â€Å"Backbone adds new perils to ritual of dating†. Manic Cot 2. Web Cot 4. Definitions: Most of teenagers who engage in hookups still worry about being discreet. Discreet: having or showing discernment or good Judgment in conduct and especially in speech: prudent; especially: capable of preserving prudent silence. Tall and lanky Lanky: tall and lean, or long and slender: often used to suggest awkwardness in appearance or gait.

Perspective of Deviance in Society

IntroductionSociologists define deviance as actions or behaviors considered to be against the cultural norms and formally accepted rules like laws as well as going against the social norms of a particular society. Sociologists consider deviance to be the opposite of conformity; the two opposing behaviors are what characterize social life. To sociologists, the term deviance behavior is conferred on individuals based on some acts by social definition. However, these social definitions of what constitutes deviant behaviors would vary from time to time, society to society and from place to place (Schaefer, 2008).In this paper I will undertake to explain the perspective of two different authors – Rosenhan and Eqbal about what constitutes deviance behavior as far as different societies are concerned. Rosenhan was bother by how society labeled those they considered insane and therefore undertook a study to find out how hospital authorities treated those admitted as insane (Rosenhan, 1973). From his analysis of what transpired when his associates were held in the hospitals for much longer period despite the fact that they were never insane, he concluded that the staff officials were perpetuating the societal definition of insanity.According to rosenhan, the staff cannot to be blamed at all neither can they be considered incompetent nor dishonest because they were carrying out their work effectively (Rosenhan, 1973). The staff officials were not concerned with making conscious efforts to overturn the label which the society had accorded these individuals. He argued that the label given to these individuals were so strong that it influenced how information about them was processed and perceived which therefore explained why the officials were reluctant to release them from hospital.According to him, the wrong perception of the behavior by the staff officials led to the labeling which profoundly affected other’s perception about his associates. He concluded that had the officials observed the same behaviors from a different perspective, the interpretation about these people would have been entirely different (Rosenhan, 1973) Eqbal’s â€Å"Terrorism: Theirs and Ours† offers a thorough analysis of the term deviance (Eqbal, 1998). The man who had an Arabic origin was greatly disturbed by people’s perception of the term terrorism.He argued the world societies lack consistency in defining terrorism and had therefore come up with different definitions that suit their interest and appeal to their cause. According, to him the definition has always changed over the years with the new developments in the world and has been use to further some people’s cause. He argued that people have missed the point when it comes to the definition of the term terrorism as some people are labeled terrorist by others. From Eqbal speech, it is clear to understand that what people consider deviance may change with time and place.For ins tance, he argued today’s terrorist was a yesterday’s hero and a hero today is a yesterday’s terrorist. Therefore, society’s definition of deviance behavior will always be inconsistent because what one group of people considers deviance may not be viewed the same by another group of people not only in place but also over time (Eqbal, 1998). Authors Views of Deviance The two authors share the same view of what constitutes deviance. Rosenhan is concerned with the tendency of the society to make rash judgment of what is deviance.He considered the definition of normal and abnormal behavior by the society as what would determine how a person is treated by those around him (Rosenhan, 1973). Like Rosenhan, Eqbal agrees that the society would be quick to judged others and condemn them as deviants based on generalizations or unfounded rumors. The two authors were very much concerned about the consequences of labeling on the individuals as well as the society as who le. According to Eqbal, the western misconception of terrorism had led to the continued attacks by the Arab world.He said that the western world had continually considered terrorism as an attack against western civilization which therefore vindicates the terrorist’s ideologies of using it to justify their cause. In a nutshell, eqbal considers deviance as a making of the society. He argued that while there are various forms of terrorist, the world has totally lost the meaning of the term and has therefore embarked on what he considers as labeling others’ behavior as abnormal to suit our cause.He considered the western political tyranny over other nations and the bloody attacks perpetuated by the Arab world as one and the same thing – terrorism and what differentiate them are probably the western society’s emotive definitions (Eqbal, 1998). Rosenhan made a point in his analysis of how society discriminatively separates the â€Å"normal† from the â₠¬Å"abnormal†. He argued that erratic labeling of others as acting or behaving abnormally may have serious repercussions on the societal wellbeing as well as on an individual’s life (Rosenhan, 1973).According to him the society’s misconception of what is abnormal behavior may lead one to a condemn life of loneliness. As his analysis of erratic diagnosis of sane persons as insane shows, one may be wrongfully put under rehabilitation program when actually the person is sound in mind. If professionals like psychiatrists, counselors, and psychologists can wrongfully diagnose a person and put him in a mental hospital what would the society become if we start labeling others based on unsubstantiated rumors?(Rosenhan, 1973). Deviance and Society Rosenhan views deviance as a product of the societal misconception of what truly constitutes unwanted behaviors (Rosenhan, 1973). He considered the labeling of others as either deviant or normal as a manifestation of the societyà ¢â‚¬â„¢s rash judgment of behavior. If only the society can observe the behaviors of others correctly, then the labeling would cease to be. His analysis takes into account the role of place and time as a factor in determining what deviance is and is not.Any person going into a mental hospital is considered abnormal by the society and as long as one is admitted he would remain to be so no matter his improvement or current state. Eqbal understands that deviance is not only a product of a difference in social and cultural background, but also a product of evolution. To him what one society considers deviance is considered normal in another society and what is celebrated today as a good act is today frown upon as an abnormal behavior.He said that what we presume as terrorist acts today may not be so tomorrow (Eqbal, 1998). Conclusion Every society and group of people has got social and cultural norms which define what constitutes abnormal and normal behavior. However, the norms and rule s are subjects of change and just as they are varied across societies, they would be varied across time within the same society. As the societies evolve, the social norms and rules would also change and therefore definitions of deviance. References Eqbal, A. (1998, October, 12). Terrorism: Theirs and Ours. A Presentation at the University of Colorado, Boulder, Retrieved on July 16, 2010, from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:72B6RATUyqAJ:www.sangam.org/ANALYSIS/Ahmad.htm+Ahmad,+Eqbal.+1998.+%22Terrorism:+Theirs+and+Ours.&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ke&client=firefox-a Rosenhan, D. (1973). On Being Sane In Insane Places. Science, 179, 250-258. p. 253. Schaefer, R.T. (2008) Sociology Matters 4th edition, McGraw-Hill: New York   

Images of Women in Maintream essays

Images of Women in Maintream essays IMAGES OF WOMEN IN MAINSTREAM CULTURE The most successful box office hits in history are science-fiction films. This indicates that the audience - society - likes what they see in these movies. Science-fiction has long been viewed as a male dominated genre. Although there have been notable exceptions in such films as Alien (and its sequels) and the original Terminator, for the most part, science-fiction films have been laden with male heroes in powerful positions. Females, in most of these films, have been subjected to three roles: reasoner/comforter, sex object, and victim. While the male characters are allowed to make the difficult decisions and handle the demanding physical tasks, the female characters are often forced to stand behind them and console or reason with their man when things dont go according to plan. By employing a textual analysis of two recent science-fiction box office successes; Star Trek: First Contact (Jonathan Frakes, 1996) and Independence Day (Roland Emmerich, 1996); one can clearly see the abo ve pattern of male/female power relationships in full effect. Both films present female characters as victims, reasoner/comforter, and sex objects. Furthermore, the pattern demonstrated in these two films can be further examined by observing its absorption into the dominant mainstream culture through the overwhelming audience responses to the two films. According to Douglas Kellner, Media images help shape our view of the world and our deepest values and these two films were major media images during their time of theatrical release. When the textual analysis and observation of audience response to the films are combined with the theories of some of todays cultural studies writers, one can develop a clear view of how societys view of women in relation to men becomes clearly defined in the products of the societys culture. In the articles ...

Incomplete Parallels

Incomplete Parallels Incomplete Parallels Incomplete Parallels By Mark Nichol In each of the following sentences, an associated pair of phrases are not optimally stated and organized to make their relationship clear. The discussion after each statement proposes a solution, which follows in each case. 1. Follow with user support and usage monitoring to ensure a smooth transition and an optimal user experience during and post-implementation. In this sentence, during and the prefix post share implementation (and post should be directly attached, with no hyphen), but a preposition and a prepositional prefix cannot share a root word, so replace post with a distinct preposition: â€Å"Follow with user support and usage monitoring to ensure a smooth transition and an optimal user experience during and after implementation.† 2. Millions of Americans, including younger citizens, recent immigrants, and those who do not use credit actively, have a limited or no credit history. The parallel structure of â€Å"a limited or no† is not erroneous, but the idea is more clearly communicated with more complete wording: â€Å"Millions of Americans, including younger citizens, recent immigrants, and those who do not use credit actively, have a limited credit history or none at all.† 3. Such programs should be based on a clear understanding and an evaluation of potential threats of data loss.   Understanding cannot share a preposition with evaluation, because the article an grammatically partitions the two nouns. (An cannot be omitted, because doing so will imply that clear applies to evaluation as well as to understanding.) Assign understanding its own iteration of of, and, to provide further clarity, treat the corresponding phrase as a parenthetical: â€Å"Such programs should be based on a clear understanding of, and an evaluation of, potential threats of data loss.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Similes from Literature to Inspire You5 Lessons for Mixing Past and Present TenseWords That Begin with Q

Contemporary project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Contemporary project - Essay Example In developed countries, very rare cases of counterfeit medicines are observed because people are well informed and the online markets help the customers to differentiate the real and fake drugs for the patients. The problem of counterfeit medicines is not difficult to tackle. Implementation of strict rules and regulations, strong role of the institutions, working courts against these companies and the well-structured liability laws are helpful to demolish these kinds of drugs from the markets. For example, two organizations are actively working against fake pharmaceutical companies and for community health in Uganda. A big NGO â€Å"BRAC† is working in Bangladesh and in African Countries for selling genuine medicines and for health projects. In addition, â€Å"Living Good† origination is also working on the same projects in Kenya, Uganda and in the neighboring countries. The organizations against counterfeit medicines decrease the selling rate of these companies by providing awareness and genuine pharmaceutical products to the patients. The role of community health programs is very useful in decreasing the rate of unemployment in several countries, e.g. about one hundred thousand workers are engaged to the BRAC, which is a nongovernmental organization. In some areas of the world, cell phone technology is also playing the role for authentic medicines by the facility of verification codes for genuine products. Doctor Ashifi Gogo introduced the latest system of medicine authentication code through cell phones in those areas, where the customers do not trust in the shops of medicine markets. For example, a unique code number is present in every box of the Sproxil brand to identify it’s originality before using it. The customer scratches the card to find the code number and checks it through the cell phone authentication method to know the originality of the product. The revenues of Sproxil were great in 2010 after implementing the

Internship Report - Agency operator Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Internship Report - Agency operator - Essay Example This paper highlights the focus on a new area of UK, where there is no activity for AVIS auto rental. Further into the paper, it discusses the product design which will be useful to cater to the needs of the consumers of Oxford Street and generate revenues for the company. It then proceeds to focus on focus on the basic 4P’s of marketing – Product, Place, Promotion and Price. An effective pricing is very important in this case. There are multiple numbers of competitors that are buzzing around in UK, and have the potential to pick the same spot as a battlefield. So fixing a highly competitive and affordable price to occupy the share of minds amongst the consumers and high brand recall is very brilliant. The paper, further down the line, also focuses on ways and means to market the route and location of the service in order to make the consumers aware of its offerings. It also brings into focus the possible staffing of employees to maintain an efficient manpower base. And finally, it also discusses the operational details and aspects that are required and considered vital for the efficient delivery of the product. Contents Executive Summary 2 Market Overview 4 About the Company 4 Designing of the Product 5 Marketing Strategy 5 Product 5 Place 6 Promotion 6 ... Car Rental is a very profitable and popular business in the UK and western markets, as people with increasingly high disposable income and the ability to purchases the rental services are growing in number every year. The car rental industry is basically categorized on the basis of either location or by the type of customer availing the service (Researchandmarkets, 2010). The recent times have been a little challenging for the business of car rental in the UK. As per reports by various UK based market research agencies, the car rental industry suffered a setback during the year 2009 and the setback continued till then. The reason being is simple. Ever since the global economy went into a credit crunch, which was triggered by the collapse of the famed Lehmann Brothers, the spending on rental services worldwide took a hit. As a part of the picture, UK’s car rental agencies also suffered to some extent during that time. Around the year 2009, people all over the globe preferred to check their spending habits and preferred to save their finances instead of spending and splurging by going on holidays, tours or romantic getaways to foreign countries. This change in global consumer behavior shrank the profit margin for the car rental companies as there has been a significant decline in the amount of revenue that was being generated by providing rental services to the middle class tourists coming from various locations across the globe. Also, the recent slowdown due to the Euro crisis in the west has also brought in a significant change in customer’s preference. The customers whether organizational or private individual are looking for cost effective and flexibility in services provided (The Institute of Transport

Dance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dance - Research Paper Example The Egyptians danced ceremoniously as a law by the pharaoh while in Hindus believed dancing to be sacred, as they believed the creator a dancer who danced through seasons. In the ancient times, dancing was a form of worship for the early Christians. Most communities around the world danced in their own methods to show the mood that was in the atmosphere at the time. Dance evolves over time not only in the old days but even presently. Dancing varies with the type of music one is dancing to; romantic music tends to be slow and therefore should have a slow dance in order for the song to synchronize with the moves. I, however, prefer hip-hop dancing style, which involves popping, breaking and locking. It came into existence in the 1970’s with American crews popularizing it. The African-Americans have hip-hop as a culture and the dance has been a major identifier of the hip-hop culture. This from of dance has continually gained popularity all around the world due to the many shows commercializing it. In the eighty’s the show soul train premiered the hip-hop shows with many topnotch dancers participating. This trend has been continually pulling a crowd with and the films starring hip-hop dance styles including ‘step-up revolution’, which premiered in 2012. Hip-hop is a street dance and after its development, it had to have choreography in order to attract professionalism. This led to the birth of jazz music. Jazz has a cool dancing style, which is a cooler more relaxed version of the hip-hop street dance. The main distinguishing feature of hip-hop is that it depends mostly on improvisation from activities in the daily life. This dancing style started competitions between various hip-hop crews that known as dance battles. This dance is a way of entertainment for those who participate while to others it is a mode of livelihood and supporting themselves financially. Hip-hop involves three major styles the first is breaking

Impact of Ageing on Psychological Health

Impact of Ageing on Psychological Health It should be noted that all names of individuals and places in this report have been changed in order to protect the patients confidentiality (Nursing midwifery council 2009). Therefore the patient will be known as Mrs.Brown.Mrs Brown is an 86 year old lady who lives with her elderly husband. According to Mrs Brown husband they have two sons together and 3 grandchildren, they both visit occasionally. She used to work as a secretary until she retired in her early 60s. She clearly had a good memory. She enjoyed travelling abroad, with her husband. For many years she had attended services at the local church where she was well known .as a kind, warm-hearted popular lady in her town for the good things she did. Mrs Brown clinical notes written by her community mental health nurse states that she was diagnosed with dementia the Alzheimer disease 12 years ago. Alzheimers is a brain disease that causes problems with memory, thinking and behaviour. Symptoms usually develop slowly and get wo rse over time, becoming severe enough to interfere with daily tasks (online www.alz.org/alzheimers_disease 21/02/11). Her husband has been her main carer ever since. She attends a day centre once a week and has carers coming in twice a week to assist with personal care. The staff at the day centre has also reported that Mrs Brown now showed no interest and was reluctant to comply with activities which showed that she had lost sense of pleasure. Mr Brown stated that before the diagnosis, they were several episodes when she got lost and was picked up by police to be returned at home.Mrs Brown become disorientated about where she was because of her dementia. She became confused about time. She will also miss her doctors appointments .Mrs Brown couldnt even remember her sons names later on recognise her husband and would lose track of conversations.Mr Brown stated that he made an appointment then to see the general practitioner (GP) who then referred them to the memory clinic where she was diagnosed with Alzheimer. In the last year Mrs Browns mental and physical health has deteriorated rapidly. She can no longer do her activities of daily living and she needs support with personal care. Her behaviour has gradually become more and more eccentric that her husband is no longer copying.Mrs Brown was recently admitted to hospital with chest and urinary tract infection, which would also increase her level of confusion and lack of orientation (Adams 2008).Although now discharged from hospital Mrs Browns sleep pattern was disturbed, she now wanders around at night. She has become more physical and verbally aggressive towards her husband, Mr Brown has raised concerns that he can no longer cope with her behaviours to her CPN.The community mental health team have been monitoring Mrs Brown condition for some time now and liaising with the family, GP, social worker and psychiatrist regarding her care and support as required by the Department of health (DOH 2001), in relation to older people (over 65yrs) with mental disorder.Mr Brown was considering looking for permanent placement in a nursing home for his wife. Mrs Brown was prescribed the following for her dementia Donepezil hydrochloride/Aricept 10 mg once daily at bedtime: is a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase.They are for the adjunctive treatment of moderate Alzheimers disease. Like all other medication donepezil has its side effects which are nausea,vomiting,anorexia,diarrhoea,insomnia,dizziness and agitation just to mention a few.(Source :British National Formulary 2007) There is currently no cure for Alzheimers disease. However, they are some drug treatments are available that can ameliorate the symptoms or slow down the disease progression in some people such as donepezil, Exelon ,reminyl and galantamine these drugs maintain the supplies of the acetylcholine The (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence: NICE 2011) available online, states that these drugs are recommended as an option for people in the mild-to-moderate stages of Alzheimers disease. Older person presentation Dementia is the general term used for diseases affecting the brain, including Alzheimers disease it is characterised by progressive cognitive impairment and the emotional and behavioural problems that result from the cognitive decline (Sungaila Crockett,1993 citied in Tappen,R 1997). There are many different types of dementia although some are far more common than others. They are often named according to the condition that has caused the dementia. They are Alzheimer disease which is the most common cause, followed by the vascular dementia, dementia with lewy bodies and fronto temporal dementia these are the common ones. To rule out that someone has dementia test has to be carried out .Winter (et al 2001) states that there are different illnesses that appear to affect the brain in ways that can cause symptoms similar to dementia. Winter (et al 2001) describes these as people with underactive thyroid gland, deficiencies of certain vitamins and general physical illness can give rise to symptoms of dementia, poor concentration and poor memory ln the case study Mrs Brown was diagnosed with Alzheimers below the author describes what Alzheimer is and its features which lead to the diagnosis. Miriam (1994) describes Alzheimers disease as a brain disease accompanied by characteristics microscopic structural changes in the brain tissue leading to the death of brain cells.lt is the most common cause of dementia in the UK. The first signs of Alzheimers disease include lapses in memory and problems with finding the right words (Alzheimer society available on line) .In normal ageing memory lapse are common as we get older. Also the person mood changes: Particularly as the parts of the brain that control emotion becomes affected by disease. Memory loss is the most common potential impact on the psychological ageing. Remembering everyday tasks becomes a chore. People with dementia may also feel sad, frightened or angry about what is happening to them. The person with Alzheimers may start to have communication problems like inability to recall names quickly, decline in co-ordination and control of speech and action. Feeling and becoming lost in familiar surroundings. Some of these symptoms where noticed in Mrs. Brown. Depression is other symptom for dementia (Tappen R, 1997) states that many individuals in the early stages of Alzheimers disease are also clinically depressed. Some of the behavior exhibited by Mrs. Brown may have been caused by that she was depressed. Some of these features led to the diagnosis that Mrs Brown was suffering from Alzheimer as she was exhibiting these problems. Once a diagnosis of dementia has been made, the next stage will be to assess its cause.Mrs Brown had a series of tests and examination to exclude disease in the rest of the body and to rule out some other brain conditions. The persons memory will be assessed, initially with questions about recent events and past memories. Given these problems Mrs Brown was exhibiting, and the in-put from the community nurse it was agreed that she required further assessment to determine her level of cognitive impairment. This was done by using the mini mental state examination (MMSE) developed by Folstein et al (1975), with consent; Mrs Brown scored 12, which indicated severe cognitive impairment. According to Miller (1999) to examine specific cognitive impairment a Mini Mental state examination is used .The National institute of health and clinical excellence (2011) recommend s that this tool be used for determining a persons suitability for the anti-dementia drugs such as Aricept which was prescribed to Mrs Brown.Aronson M,k (1994) suggests that it is appropriate to include a short list of complete blood count, vitamin B12 level, thyroid function test and brain scan as MMSE may not offer clues to their presences. A brain scan may be carried out to give some clues about the changes taking place in the persons brain. There are a number of different types of scan, including computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Vascular dementia Alzheimer society (2010) describes vascular dementia as a type of dementia caused by problems in the supply of blood to the brain. There are two main types of vascular dementia: one caused by stroke and one caused by small vessel disease. It is the second most common form of dementia The risk factors associated with Vascular dementia, as indicated ,are those associated with cardiovascular disease and include High blood pressure Diabetes Deficiencies of certain vitamins High cholesterol levels Dieses in arteries elsewhere in the body and rhythm abnormalities (Soucers: Martin 1998, Gould 2002, Taylor 2006). People with Vascular dementia may experience these symptoms problems concentrating and communicating depression accompanying the dementia symptoms of stroke, such as physical weakness or paralysis epileptic seizures Periods of acute confusion hallucinations (seeing things that do not exist) delusions (believing things that are not true) physical or verbal aggression restlessness Incontinence. Dementia with Lewy bodies Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a form of dementia that shares characteristics with both Alzheimers and Parkinsons diseases Person with lewy bodies may have these symptoms A person with DLB will usually have some of the symptoms of Alzheimers and Parkinsons diseases. fall asleep very easily by day, and have restless, disturbed nights with confusion, nightmares and hallucinations Faint, fall, or have funny turns. (Source: Alzheimer society 2010) Legal and ethical issues surrounding people with dementia Dementia raises difficult ethical issues for people with dementia, for their formal and informal carer and for society in general. Formal carers are paid and trained to perform their caring role; those involved in Mrs Brown care were GP, community mental health nurse, and social worker. Informal carers usually is provided by family and in Mrs Brown case it was her husband and children. Tappen R (1997) states that ethical issues include the often painful decisions that must be made about restrictions on freedom, or end of life decisions and the legal issues include patients rights, abuse, neglect and incapacity. Myron F and Wiener M (2004) suggested that legal issues are best addressed while patients still have the capacity to understand and communicate while ethical issues begin at the time of diagnosis and may include whether to tell patients about their diagnosis. The key pieces of legislation surrounding people with dementia The Mental health Act 1983 amended 2007:-it protects the rights of people who have been assessed as having mental disorder including dementia.lf a person with dementia is behaving in a way that is risking other and his/her health can be detained in hospital using this act. The Mental capacity act 2005 (implemented 2007) designed to protect people who cant make decisions for themselves or lack the mental capacity to do so.Recognised that in some circumstances ,being placed in a hospital or care home may deprive someone of their liberty. Deprivation of liberty safeguards code of practice (2008)-DOLS in practice provide guidance for professionals involved in administering and delivering the safeguards. The Code is also intended to provide information for people who are, or could become, subject to the deprivation of liberty safeguards, and for their families, friends and carers, as well as for anyone who believes that someone is being deprived of their liberty unlawfully (department of health online). Before Mrs Brown dementia became severe, when she still had capacity, they had sat down with his husband .They discussed about future plan on what to do with everything including her care.Mrs Brown choose her husband to be her durable power of attorney for all her health care needs and property. Myron F Weiner, M (2005) states that with appropriate durable power of attorney, Mrs Browns husband can consent to her medical care, but the patients wishes if known, must be respected. Mrs Brown capacity was limited to live independently or make her own choices, inorder to respect her autonomy her husband and family were involved in taking active steps to act as advocates and to try and promote her autonomy. As Mrs Brown diagnosis was early she and her family had time to plan about her preferences on treatment and facilitate support from community organisation.Mrs Brown was treated or care for justly by everyone involved in her care. Everyone worked together to create an environment that is safe, sustaining her dignity and optimizing opportunities for independent decision making and functioning. Ethical problems carers Balancing risks and freedom Avoiding telling the truth to prevent distress How to manage conflict between caring for the person with dementia and other commitments. Those caring for people with dementia face ethical problems in caring out day to day care, these problems are important and stressful, those providing care receive little support and providing such support will improve good dementia care. Conclusion

The Day Elvis Almost Died :: Personal Narrative, Autobiographical Essay

The Day Elvis Almost Died I was riding in the backseat of my parents' red Cutlass on a warm fall day in 1984. My only entertainment was listening to the sucking sound the back of my thigh made when I lifted it off the sticky vinyl seat. I remember seeing patchwork fields of rainbow-colored leaves resting on the yellow grass, wishing that I could rake them into big piles, so I could run through them, scattering them across the field again. I rolled the dusty window down to get a better look at the pastures as the hard wind rushed in over my face and through my hair. I stuck my head through the window and opened my mouth, so my cheeks would puff out like Dizzy Gillespie's when he played his trumpet. Slowly, my cheeks began to deflate, and the wind softened as my dad braked the car to turn into the driveway of my grandparents' home, the location of our annual May family picnic. My whole family had already arrived when we showed up. All my uncles immediately bombarded the car, playfully snickering with my dad about always being late so he would not have to help them cook. My Papa Joe, with his Afro of white hair, and my Grandma Lee Lee, who limped like a peg-legged pirate because one leg was shorter than the other, were sitting in lounge chairs talking about how much I had grown. My Uncle Kelly, whose left arm was shot off by his ex-wife during an argument, was walking around, complaining about how he was going to starve if he didn't eat soon. My Aunt Rosie, who always wore a tiny pair of rose earrings and kept a wad of chewing tobacco in her mouth, talked with my mom between spits of brown, runny liquid directed into her plastic cup. Including my cousins and a few distant relatives, approximately twenty-five people were there talking, laughing, and mingling. And there I was, all alone in the land of giants with only my cowgirl Barbie to protect me. I felt like a guppy trying to swim upstream with a school of trout. Even though we had only been there for five minutes, finding my dad and leaving were my priorities.

Explain to the Board of Director

Explain to the board of director how he or she could use the talent management approach to improve his or her company's performance? A talented work force is an employer's most valuable asset. The talent, skills and contributions your employees bring to the workplace can make or break your organization. Company productivity and profitability depend almost solely on your work force. Therefore, retaining talent is extremely important to executive leadership and human resources departments. Activities related to talent retention are sometimes referred to as part of the talent management process.Some employers combine recruitment, selection and talent retention to achieve talent management goals:- 1 Identify your organization's most talented workers. Employees with exceptional work skills, aptitude, interpersonal skills and desire for success are generally referred to as the most talented; however, employees who lack one of these attributes or need improvement in another area should not be ruled out. Talented employees also demonstrate traits such as high motivation, initiative and discipline.They are the ones who seek additional responsibility and have performance appraisals to prove they are dedicated to helping your company achieve success. 2 Review the performance evaluations of your most talented employees. Determine their strengths and areas for improvement; use this information to draft the outline for a discussion about the employee's career aspirations. Don't be discouraged if your meeting with the employee reveals career aspirations in another field. Taking the time to discuss this topic sends the message that the employee is a valued contributor.One of the reasons employees often cite for leaving a company is that they feel the company overlooks their contributions or doesn't acknowledge their opinions. 3 Conduct a needs assessment to determine the training and development necessary to retain employees with the most promise. Include an assessment to dete rmine training for employees who demonstrate aptitude as well. Consider conducting focus groups with supervisors, managers and executive leadership to determine the best way to keep talented employees satisfied and challenged. Review the job descriptions, duties and responsibilities of employees whom you've identified as the most talented. Re-read performance evaluations for professional goals of these employees and compare them to their current duties. If they don't match very well, consider revising job duties or assigning more challenging work to keep them motivated. Talented employees who are dissatisfied with their current responsibilities look for opportunities elsewhere.You can prevent their departure by offering opportunities that further develop their skills and prepare them for future roles within the company through human resources strategy and succession planning. 5 Recognize your talented employees with letters of commendation, tokens of appreciation or coveted roles wi thin the organization. Employers can retain talent through very simple actions that demonstrate their appreciation for hard workers. Human resources best practices suggest recognition and, in some cases, employee rewards increase motivation and improve retention of talented employees.

How does Mary Shelley create tension in chapter 5? Essay

Mary Shelley was born in London in 1797 and her mother died just after giving birth too her. Mary married Percy by her Shelley. At this time new discoveries were being made the first electronic battery was created in 1799 by a man called Alessandro Volta. Luigi Galvani did experiments with frogs and he believed that he had discovered electricity present in human limbs in 1802. In 1815 the guys’ hospital in London did the first unsuccessful blood transfusion. At the time there was a lot of interest in gothic novels. â€Å"Dracula† was another gothic novel it was published in 1897. The novel begins at the North Pole when Frankenstein is chasing the monster to kill it and Frankenstein is rescued by Captain Walton to whom he tells the whole story to. The story starts when Frankenstein is at the university and he is interest in bring dead things back to life; he used his lectures notes who had died, and he also used dead body parts. He tries to bring the bodies to life with electricity. Then the monster comes to life and Frankenstein immediately regrets what he had done. The monster then wants a wife but Frankenstein will not create him one; so the monster decides to kill Frankenstein wife. Frankenstein chases the monster to the North Pole this is were Victor Frankenstein was killed by the monster In chapter 5 it starts in a â€Å"dreary night in November† and â€Å"The Lifeless monster opens his eyes; Frankenstein then realises that the monster is ugly and that only god can create life, then he leaves the laboratory. Frankenstein is upset and disappointed about what he has created he paces up and down his bedroom. He then falls asleep in his clothes and dreams about his dead mother rotting in her grave. In the night Frankenstein wakes up and sees the monster trying to speak. Frankenstein spends the rest of the night regretting that he had made the monster; he spends the rest of the night in the courtyard. In the morning he goes to meet his friend Clerval; they both return to the apartment and he is worried if the monster is still there as he opens the door then realise that the monster is not there anymore Frankenstein is very happy about this. Frankenstein becomes very ill over the winter and the friend Clerval look after him in the spring Frankenstein makes a full recovery. Tension is built up in chapter five by the use of gothic elements. Which create a sense of horror or terror. Mary Shelley uses pathetic fallacy at the start of chapter five as it sets the scene by say â€Å"it was a dreary night of November†; another gothic element is â€Å"I saw the grave worm’s crawling in the folds of the flannel†. Other gothic elements are â€Å"Mingled with this horror† also â€Å"dim and yellow light of the moon; and another one is â€Å"dreaded spectre†.