Proportions Problems Worksheet - Practical Questions

Extents Problems Worksheet - Practical Questions An extent is a lot of 2 parts that equivalent one another. This article centers around how to utilize extents to take care of genuine issues. True Uses of Proportions Changing a financial plan for a café network that is extending from 3 areas to 20 locationsCreating a high rise from blueprintsCalculating tips, commissions, and deals charge Altering a Recipe On Monday, you are cooking enough white rice to serve precisely 3 individuals. The formula calls for 2 cups of water and 1 cup of dry rice. On Sunday, you are going to serve rice to 12 individuals. How might the formula change? In the event that you’ve ever constructed rice, you realize that this proportion - 1 section dry rice and 2 sections waterâ -is significant. Wreckage it up, and you’ll be scooping a sticky, chaotic situation on your visitors crayfish à ©touffã ©e. Since you are quadrupling your list of attendees (3 individuals * 4 12 individuals), you should fourfold your formula. Cook 8 cups of water and 4 cups of dry rice. These movements in a formula exhibit the core of extents: utilize a proportion to suit lifes more noteworthy and littler changes. Polynomial math and Proportions 1 Without a doubt, with the correct numbers, you can swear off setting up a logarithmic condition to decide the measures of dry rice and water. What happens when the numbers are not all that amicable? On Thanksgiving, youll be serving rice to 25 individuals. How much waterâ do you need?Because the proportion of 2 sections water and 1 section dry rice applies to cooking 25 servings of rice, utilize an extent to decide the amount of fixings. Note: Translating a word issue into a condition is very significant. Truly, you can unravel an inaccurately set up condition and discover an answer. You can likewise combine rice and water to make food to serve at Thanksgiving. Regardless of whether the appropriate response or food is attractive relies upon the condition. Consider what you know: 3 servings of cooked rice 2 cups of water; 1 cup of dry rice25 servings of cooked rice ? cups of water; ? cup of dry rice3 servings of cooked rice/25 servings of cooked rice 2 cups of water/x cups of water3/25 2/x Cross increase. Clue: Write these parts vertically to get the full comprehension of cross duplicating. To cross increase, take the primary divisions numerator and duplicate it constantly parts denominator. At that point take the second portions numerator and duplicate it by the main parts denominator.3 * x 2 * 253x 50Divide the two sides of the condition by 3 to fathom for x.3x/3 50/3x 16.6667 cups of waterFreeze-confirm that the appropriate response is correct.Is 3/25 2/16.6667?3/25 .122/16.6667 .12Whoo hoo! The primary extent is right.â Variable based math and Proportions 2 Recall that x won't generally be in the numerator. Now and then the variable is in the denominator, yet the procedure is the equivalent. Settle the accompanying for x. 36/x 108/12 Cross multiply:36 * 12 108 * x432 108xDivide the two sides by 108 to settle for x.432/108 108x/1084 xCheck and ensure the appropriate response is correct. Keep in mind, an extent is characterized as 2 proportional fractions:Does 36/4 108/12?36/4 9108/12 9It’s right! Practice Exercises Guidelines: For each activity, set up an extent and unravel. Check each answer.1. Damian is making brownies to serve at the family excursion. On the off chance that the formula calls for 2  ½ cups of cocoa to serve 4 individuals, what number of cups will he need if there will be 60 individuals at the cookout? 2. A piglet can increase 3 pounds in 36 hours. On the off chance that this rate proceeds, the pig will arrive at 18 pounds in _________ hours. 3. Denise’s bunny can eat 70 pounds of food in 80 days. To what extent will it take the hare to eat 87.5 pounds? 4. Jessica travels 130 miles like clockwork. In the event that this rate proceeds, to what extent will it take her to travel 1,000 miles?

Philosophy, Hume An Enquiry Concerning The Principles Of Morals What I

Reasoning, Hume An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals What is a good? This is an inquiry that has tormented savants for a long time. Is it conceivable to have a lot of all inclusive ethics? There are numerous inquiries that encompass the secret of ethics. They appear to drive all our activities. We base our choices on what is correct and what's going on. In any case, would could it be that really figures out what is correct and what's going on? Is it our feeling of reason? Is it our feeling of notion? This is an inquiry that David Hume went through a lot of his time on earth contemplating. What precisely is it that drives our activities? Truly, ethics drive them, however what figures out what our ethics are? Would could it be that at last drives our activities; our sentiments or our brains? Hume would state that it is our assessment that eventually drives our activities. As per Hume, reason is unequipped for inspiring an activity. As indicated by Hume, reason can't fuel an a ctivity and along these lines can't inspire it. Hume feel that all activities are inspired by our conclusion. For instance, on page 84 Appendix I, he gives the case of a lawbreaker. It dwells in the psyche of the individual, who is thankless. He should, consequently, feel it, and be aware of it. Here, it is apparent that Hume is stating that except if the individual, or criminal for this situation, truly has confidence in what he needs to do, he won't have the option to rouse the activity. At the end of the day, except if the slant is there, the activity can't be willed into being. Henceforth, the feeling is the main impetus behind the activity. Hume doesn't anyway say that reason is unequipped for deciding wether an activity is temperate or awful (good or unethical), however rather he attempts to state that the explanation behind the profound quality of an activity doesn't direct the execution or corruption of a demonstration so far as assurance of wether the activity is executed o r not. In less difficult terms, reason has it's place in deciding profound quality, yet it isn't in the inspiration of an activity. Inspiration must originate from the heart, or even better, from inside the individual; from their convictions. Reason only permits the individual to make moral differentiations. Without reason, there would be no ethical quality. Without reason, one good condition would not be differentiable from another. In other words that beneath all ethics, there must be some hidden truth since Truth is debatable; not taste (p.14). On the off chance that reality were not questionable, there would be no real way to demonstrate that a fact was only that... a fact. To make a similarity to science, truth is a component of reason, though taste is an element of slant. Slant is an element of the individual while reason is an element of the universe. The universe in general should follow reason, yet the catch is that every individual's universe is marginally extraordinary in that every individual sees their universe in an unexpected way. What each man feels inside himself is the standard of opinion. (p.14) That is to state every's individual universe has certainties. These realities depend on reason. These facts/reasons are what help to decide the individual's slant. In any case, it ought to be noticed that in light of the fact that the reasons are NOT really the individual's estimations, they don't inspire activities. One other motivation behind why reason doesn't instigate activity is on the grounds that reason depends on certainties. Certainties are rarely changing though slants are dynamic and are in a consistent difference in motion. At one second, the criminal could feel compassion toward his casualties and choose to save an actual existence, and the extremely next, a similar criminal could get angered at the pimple on a prisoner's brow and shoot him. Obviously these are extraordinary cases, however the fact is clear. Reason would direct that sol itary the main activity would be good. On the off chance that reason drove activities, at that point moral conduct would win and there would be no unethical activities and henceforth there would be no violations. This shows how feelings can change as the person's impression of the universe changes. Clearly, the main thrust behind the criminal shooting the casualty due to a skin imperfection is

Sun off a beach

Sun off a beach Well now, this is a good way to start a blog entry. Megan 08, nine people I dont really know and I went down to Carson Beach today and then this happened. Well, it was a little cold, for the first time in a few weeks. Who can blame them? Theyre wearing bathing suits under the towel. Sorry. Thats an apology for a lot of things. Please dont go stalking them now. Unfortunately, since I travel around every day with a personal rain cloud above my head (see my life as a cloud) and bring horrible, torrential rain to otherwise lovely places, the weather today at the beach was cold and windy, mostly cloudy, with scattered showers. Luckily, Yunjie 08 had seen March of the Penguins, so she knew that the best way to get warm in an antarctic environment is to huddle together in concentric circles, backs facing outward, with the youngest in the middle. That worked for a while. Thanks, Yunjie 08! We were down in the water for about 3 minutes immediately after getting to the beach before we realized that it was unbearably cold. But we did see a crab! This frightened Megan 08 to no end. Hope shes not reading this entry or she might see this picture and be reminded of the trauma. Sorry, Megan 08! After that, we sat forlornly upon the rocky shore for a very long while. Then we perked up and played games that you traditionally play at swank MIT dinner parties, like Mafia, Moo, and President. I just want to say right now, Moo is like the greatest game Ive ever played, and Id like to teach the world to play it. President is one of those crazy smart people card games like Speed and Ambition that I never think Ill be very good at, but its actually entertaining and strategic, even if you end up losing every single round. I would know. Of course, Mafia is never too shabby. MIT Mafia Test: If you were a tree, what kind of tree would you be? An apple tree, an orange tree, or a mafia tree? The mafia always burst into uncomfortable laughter when confronted with this question. Totally foolproof. Trust me. Im the inspector. So, Ruth 07 and I have been really fascinated with the Ironsides Rugby Football Club, Bostons only gay rugby team. They actually played a game against MIT Rugby late last semester, but we missed it because Woon Teck 05 lied and told us it was cancelled on account of rain. Then we had actually planned to their home stadium and just randomly spectate at one of their games, but that game was actually cancelled for unknown reasons. Well, guess who apparently plays football on Sundays right across from Carson Beach? Well, it was a holy grail for me, at least. Nobody else had any idea what I was talking about. Actually, I didnt tell them, out of embarrassment. Oh, yeah, theres this gay rugby club in Boston that Ruth and I are obsessed with. Shes gonna be so jealous of me, even though she went to Niagara Falls this weekend. Yeah, so I wouldnt say that in public, but Ill gladly post it here in public. Because on this blog, I have no shame as you will continue to see.

Essay MBA Assignement 2 - 812 Words

Mustafain Meghani OL-500-x2938 Human Behavior in Organization Dec, 2014 Chapter 2 Case Incident 2: â€Å"The Treasure Trove of the Aging Workforce.† Introduction As a healthcare provider I deal with aging population on daily basis. Although healthcare advances have affectively increased age of survival, it does not change the lifestyles and employment challenges in the elderly. Given the economic downturn in the last decade, significant amount of population had to change their retirement goals or had to return to workforce to maintain their lifestyles. As an employer it may be challenging to maintain a balance between the energy and advances gained from a younger worker versus the wisdom and maturity of a seasoned aging†¦show more content†¦Managers will also have to design training exercises accustomed to diverse ages and skill sets rather than universal approach (Aging, 2014). Policies and Age Discrimination Policies regarding raises and promotions should be based on performance rather than tenure. Developing an appraisal process is crucial that can analyze each employee on performance. Employees despite of their age should have clear understanding of expectations and performance (Policies, 2014). In a selection process the reviewer should be blinded to age as this would prevent any biased decision based on such. During recruitment and evaluation process consider experience and skills related to job requirements by eliminating the age criteria. Policies related to layoffs often focus on seniority basis and can be used just so long as it is based on years of service rather than age. Considering alternatives including reducing work hours or asking employee to take temporary part-time status will prevent employer from facing a discrimination charge. Challenges of a Diverse Workforce Diversity is beyond acknowledging difference in age, gender and ethnicity. Implementation of diverse workforce involves recognizing and combating discrimination and promoting inclusiveness. Negative attitudes and behaviors are hurdles to organizational diversity. They can be harmful to working relationships and affect work productivity. Attitudes such as prejudice, stereotyping and

Cashiering System - 3317 Words

CSLRM COMPUTERIZED CASHIERING SYSTEM A Thesis Proposal Presented to the Faculty of the College of Computer Studies Colegio De San Lorenzo Ruiz De Manila, Inc. In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirement for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Computer Science Proponents Berame, Joseca Leslie, Salindayao Siervo, Sheryll Cardenas, Ma. Cristina Dr. Rolando Lansigan Adviser CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Colegio de San Lorenzo Ruiz de Manila is currently using a manual way of recording, computing and storing the accounts of the students. The basic information of the student which includes the name, address course and year is written in the green form as well as the subjects that the students is going to enroll and the total assessment for the†¦show more content†¦In spite of the development of CSLRM, the school is still using the manual way of computing student’s tuition, receiving of payments and recording the account of every student. This manual way, results to slow of processing for every transaction, difficulties in recording and retrieving student’s account. Paying tuition has been a burden to the students because they have to wait for a long period of time before they can pay their tuition and get their examination permit. The cashier needs to get first the index card of every student to get the balance that results to long hours of waiting. This scenari o sometimes causes the students not to take the examinations on time because their permit has not been signed by the admin yet. The cashier also encounters problems in summarizing the total collection and making reports for the admin. In this regard, the proponents intend to develop a computerized cashiering system for CSLRM to address the problems that the cashier is currently experiencing. Statement of the Problem The cashier of CSLRM is currently facing difficulties in handling student’s payments, recording and updating the accounts. 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The Costs of Extending Sea Defences at Walton-on-the-Naze are too high and the Benefits are too small Free Essays

string(74) " would have been very different, it would eventually become a ghost town\." Walton is the southeast of England; part of the town is situated on a headland called the ‘Naze’. To get to Walton we will go across the Orwell Bridge and along the A12, then we will travel onto the A113 and then go onto the B1033 and then up to Walton. This whole journey is fifty kilometres approximately. We will write a custom essay sample on The Costs of Extending Sea Defences at Walton-on-the-Naze are too high and the Benefits are too small or any similar topic only for you Order Now There is map of Walton and the route to it on page 3 Walton has got a colourful background: * The earliest human remains found at Walton are dated back to the Neolithic period of 4,000 to 2,500 BC. This was discovered when a large village settlement was found at the northern end of the Naze. * Romans were the next to inhabit the Naze. * After the Romans nothing much is known about the Naze until around 1527 when John Stone bought a farm about 1km from today’s shoreline. * In 1924 the Naze was bought and made into a golf course. * In 1939 the area was taken over by the armed forces, where the first British guided missile system was developed. * The forces left the Naze in 1947 and it become rough grazing * Finally in 1963 the Essex County Council and Tendring District Council as a public open space bought it. There are many different reasons why people want to save the Naze, firstly, to lose the area would be bad financially, as the people who live there bring in money and pay taxes as do the businesses near the area. Secondly, the cliffs at the Naze are of geological significance, it is full of fossilised sharks teeth and wood. Thirdly a lot of migratory birds start and finish their journeys at the Naze. Some of these are often rare, such as Sanderlings, Oyster Catchers and Little Terns. There are also some very unusual plants growing on the Naze. Many of these plants, birds and fossils are threatened with extinction in Britain. The cliffs at Walton are being eroded in mainly two ways, the first is slumping, described in the diagram above. The second is when hydraulic action (when the waves are crashing into the cliff) and abrasion (pebbles rocks etc. thrown at cliff), causes undercutting at the bottom of the cliff. This leaves the base of the cliffs unprotected so the cliffs collapse into the sea. In doing this coursework I am trying to prove or disprove the hypothesis, ‘the costs of extending sea defences at Walton-on-the-Naze are too high and the benefits are too small. Chapter 1 Coastal Defences at Walton At present there are three main ways that are used to protect the beach, groynes, Rip-raps and breakwaters. All three of these stop Longshore Drift (LSD). Longshore Drift on a Beach A Groyne is a wall built a little way out into the sea that traps sand, this stops Longshore Drift, and so sand builds up on one side of the Groyne so the beach gets bigger. However, on the other side of the groyne, no sand builds up, so the beach is still lost. These cost à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000 each, and are sited more than 200 metres apart. So to protect just one kilometre would cost à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½50,000. A rip-rap is a group of interlocking boulders, which break up the waves, therefore not allowing the waves to erode the cliffs or letting Longshore Drift take place. These cost à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½3,500 a metre. Breakwaters are basically just concrete groynes, they stop Long Shore Drift and also break the waves. A Rip-rap I feel that these methods have been very successful in stopping Longshore Drift, as you can see from the picture below there is a lot of sand. The Beach at Site C The groynes have worked and there is a beach To protect the cliff/promenade different methods have also been used. Rock Armour takes most of the energy of the wave as for it not to crash into the cliff and erode it away. The sea wall is probably the most important method to stop the erosion as it is the most effective, the sea wall reflects waves and withstands waves breaking on it so stopping the promenade being eroded, however it does have to be replaced because over time it to will get eroded away. The Sea Wall at the Promenade This is the most effective technique, but as you can see from the picture it has been beaten by the waves and has started to erode. Site D is generally the unprotected area. There are actually no sea defences to stop the erosion and removal of the beach. Also the groynes at the south of this area have made the problem worse. Even though behind the groyne the beach is protected it means less material heads further down the beach, so beaches further down the coast start to get smaller. This means that the waves concentrate all their energy on the base of the cliffs so they slump. There are very few defences to protect the cliff at site D, only a very old sea wall, an this has started to erode away so it is not really very useful. The methods used haven’t been successful because basically there are no methods to stop the erosion. That area is very popular with dog walkers, horse riders and bird watchers. There is a lot of wildlife, a Martello tower, houses, farms and sewage works. So it would not be very good for it not to be there. Chapter 2 At sites A, B and C a vast amount of money has been spent on making sea defences and repairing them, and they have been working very well. At Walton there is a very big beach, nearly all the cliffs are not slumping and even though the defences were expensive, Walton is very economically valuable. If the groynes were never there or had been taken out the resort would have been very different, it would eventually become a ghost town. You read "The Costs of Extending Sea Defences at Walton-on-the-Naze are too high and the Benefits are too small" in category "Papers" This is called the negative multiplier effect. This is shown in the diagram labelled ‘The Negative Multiplier Effect’. The Slumping Which Will Hopefully Not Happen Anymore For Walton to be worth saving for economical reasons it has to have lots of sources of income, the most important of these is the beach. The beach is a reason for people to come to the town, and once they use the beach they use the pier, the amusements, the restaurants and the leisure centre, all of these things bring in money and also all of these businesses pay taxes which means the council gets more money, which in turn means the services (health, education, environmental, emergency) get more money so they are better. As the towns services are better then more businesses are attracted to Walton, because of all of these things Walton becomes a thriving tourist town, with lots of money. When the four classes went to Walton we filled in economic and environmental evaluation sheets of the four different sites we visited, for economic 1 was the least valuable and 5 the most, and with environmental 1 was the least environmentally valuable and 5 the most. Then I took an average or 2 classes results. Then using Excel I made graphs of these results, I also made graphs of my own, personal results. These are the graphs entitled Bi-Polar Environmental/Economic Index Scores or My Own Bi-Polar etc. As you can see from the class average graph for the economic value of Walton and my own results, we all thought that Site A, the Pier Area was the most economically valuable. This is because of the pier and all the amusements on it these all bring in money but it was also the leisure centre and all the restaurants that also bring in money. However I thought that Site B was also very economically valuable while the class average showed it was quite valuable but not as valuable as site A. I felt this because in site B there is the beach, and this is probably the biggest money earner, as without the beach all of the other things would not be there (see Negative Multiplier Effect diagram). Also site B has the beach huts that are quite costly to buy so this would bring in money. Both the class graphs and mine show that neither sites C or D are very economically valuable, but these do bring in some money, sites C and D have a cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, a farm, houses and a sewage works, which all pay taxes to the council, so they are not hugely lacking in economic value. This was completely the opposite for the environmental evaluations, sites C and D scored the highest both in the class graph and mine, but I scored sites C and D slightly higher than the average. I thought they should both score highly because they had had a high scenic quality, the habitat for birds and animals was very good, and the location is important for the study of geology and ecosystems. In site D there is a lot of salt-loving vegetation that helps stop the cliffs eroding so if this was taken away they are effectively taking away sea defences. The area is also very popular with bird watchers, dog walkers and horse riders. The ‘Save The Naze’ Protection society desperately wants to save the Naze from falling into the sea. On their website they had an article about why the Naze is not being saved. Beaurocracy hinders any real progress to Save the Naze Via the local MP both the Environmental and Heritage departments of the Government has been written to asking for action to save the Naze and the Naze Tower, which is a listed building. The environmental department confirmed its approval for the agreed three hard point scheme to retard erosion but will not finance it saying action needs to come from Tendring District Council. The Heritage department say it is concerned about losing the Tower but cannot do anything because it is down to the environmental department to do something. They also say Tendring District Council should be the organisation taking the initiative. The Chief Executive of Tendring District Council and others have been written to about the major slippages and asking what they intend to do but they still await the results of research expected in spring 2002. There is a real danger then that they will use results to discredit the currently approved scheme and want to spend more time and money investigating and getting approved alternative schemes. From past experience this could well take 5 to 10 years in which time the Tower will be lost together with more acres of the Naze. The Tower At Walton Tower at risk in next few years The cliff edge at the Tower groyne is now within 25m from the cafe. The cliff edge at this point is now estimated to be around 100m back from the end of the existing sea defence constructed in 1977. This means that erosion here is 4m a year and the cafe and the tower near to it, a Grade II listed building, are in serious danger of being lost in the next two or three years unless something is done soon. The decision whether the Naze is worth saving is very difficult. Both sides have very good arguments whether or not to save the Naze. I think that the Naze is defiantly worth saving, just because some sites are not economically valuable, or some are not environmentally valuable, all of the sites are at least one of those. Sites A and B are worth saving for economical reasons and sites C and D are worth saving for environmental reasons. Eventually the whole town will erode away if the sea defences are not put in everywhere. There is still a lot of cliff erosion in the unprotected parts of the Naze, as the articles below on the save the Naze website shows. Cliff footpath goes into the sea Another huge piece of the Naze cliffs has slipped losing a further half acre of public amenity space and causing Tendring District Council to create a new path along the cliff because of the danger to the public. The slippage was at the spot where the centre hard point of the approved coastal defence scheme was to have been erected for which Tendring District Council would not support a submission for lottery funds. This hard point would have saved this from happening. Heavy Winter rain takes its toll. This winter the substantial rainfall has caused a greater than normal slippage of sections of cliff, particularly at the Tower groyne and mid-way between there and the northern end. The normal high and vicious winter tides have done their worst and carried away tons of the Naze Conclusion I have been trying to explore the hypothesis, ‘the costs of extending sea defences at Walton on the Naze are too high and the benefits to small’. I do not agree with the hypothesis, I feel that Walton-on-the-Naze is worth saving. I think that sites A, B and C should definitely be saved, this is because without these sites, Walton would have no source of income, site A has the pier, restaurants, cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, amusements, a leisure centre and a car park. All of these pay a business tax that goes into the towns funds, which in turn, helps fund important services (health, emergency, education and environmental). Site B has the most important source of income of all, the beach, without the beach people would not have a reason to come to Walton, the beach not being there would a have a knock-on effect for the rest of the town, this is shown in my negative multiplier effect diagram, labelled Fig.10. Site C is quite a big money earner for the town; it has a cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, which pays business tax, houses which pay residential tax, a sewage works and a farm. Also it has a Martello tower, which is a grade 2 listed building, there was an article about the tower on the save the Naze website (fig.15-16), it states that if that area is left and the current rate of erosion stays the same the tower will be gone in 3-5 years. I think that site D should be protected, even though it has no real economic value, the environmental value is great, there are some very rare birds which visit, also some very rare plants grow there as well. The area is very popular with dog walkers and horse riders; also once people are drawn to Walton because of the wildlife they may well visit the town and the pier and spend some money, so even though the Naze itself does not earn any money it is a way to attract people to the town. There was a lot of evidence that helped me come to this conclusion, the evaluation sheets we filled in at Walton (Fig 8 9) and the graphs I then made of these results (figs 11-14) were especially helpful to me. They helped me understand what other people felt about saving/not saving the Naze. The Save the Naze website was also very important, it showed some of major slippages that have happened recently, and also that Tendring District Council really don’t care about Walton. In one of the articles (fig 17) the website tells of how another huge piece of cliff, along with a footpath fell into the sea, and all the council did was erect another footpath alongside the old one, somewhere along the line someone will be walking on a footpath when it collapses and get killed, then everyone will be saying to the council, why wasn’t anything done before? They will have no answer. Part of the Cliff That Has Fallen Down The most important evidence that helped me to make my decision was the things I saw when we went to Walton, I saw a building that had fallen onto the beach below, where there were no defences, and then to see the site where the defences have been put and have been working. When we went to Walton it was not a particularly nice day but there were many, many people on the beach and again many people in the town itself. Evaluation I used many methods to test the hypothesis; these were notes, photographs, field sketches, bi polar graphs and evaluation sheets of each site. The notes and photographs I took were very useful, the photographs really showed the extent of the damage that has been done by erosion and slumping, the sea defences that have been put in place and what is going to be destroyed if more sea defences are not put in. The bi-polar graphs and evaluation sheets were also very successful, the class graphs allowed me to see what other people thought about the Naze. There are two other methods I would have liked to use, but were not able to. The first of these is a questionnaire; these could have been handed out to walkers and owners of homes and businesses to see how they felt about their council and the place they live being eroded away, this could of enabled me to see if the people of Walton want their town saved. Another way of doing this would be to interview people connected with Walton, someone from the Save the Naze website, someone from the chamber of commerce, someone from the council and owners of homes and businesses. The only problem with this is that it would not give a fair idea, as it is only 4 peoples opinion and not 10 times that if we sent out questionnaires. In presenting my work, I word-processed my text, added a lot of photographs and used the Internet to find some sources of information from the Save the Naze website. I feel that my work was well presented, as I word-processed everything it looks a lot neater as there are no mistakes and the pages are numbered so to not mix up the pages. One method I would like to have used was Microsoft PowerPoint, so I could show things e.g. How to get to Walton and how slumping happens, in 3.D to help understand what slumping is. One problem we encountered when we visited Walton was the weather, it rained heavily just as we were going to site B, having been to sites C and D already we had done half of the trip but it was cut short as the rain wouldn’t stop. I think I was very organised with the way I did my work, but one thing I would have preferred is that if we would have gone to Walton before we had started the written work, because we had already done the introduction the week before we went, so I feel that if we went before I would have been able to get more information in the introduction. How to cite The Costs of Extending Sea Defences at Walton-on-the-Naze are too high and the Benefits are too small, Papers

Forensic Analysis of Data Remnants †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Forensic Analysis of Data Remnants. Answer: Introduction Smartphones play a significant role in this generation. Almost everyone in this generation uses smartphones for the purpose of communicating with others and also carries out several other works. Smartphones consists of cloud applications that can be used for storage purposes. This facilitates the users to access their own data whenever required. Criminals have started to use these smartphones for carrying out illegal and criminal activities (Poisel, Malzer Tjoa, 2013). The mobile devices that have been used by the criminals can be used for the purpose of investigating any traditional or cyber crime. MEGA is considered to be a cloud application that can store data just like Dropbox and Google Drive (Daryabar, Dehghantanha Choo, 2017). This report examines and analyzes a scenario that is based on cloud forensics. This report is based on the case study of the MEGA cloud application. It discusses about the cloud forensics concepts. It also discusses about the various usages of cloud forensics. This report critically analyzes the case study of MEGA app and attempts to find out the type of modification of the metadata that will take place when the file will be uploaded and downloaded. It also tries to find out how will the evidences that are present on an iOS and an android platform gets affected. This report also discusses the findings of the analysis. Cloud forensics forms a part of digital forensics. This field is the combination of cloud computing along with the field of digital forensics. In digital forensics, data is identified, collected, examined and analyzed for the purpose of preserving its integrity and value (De Marco, Kechadi Ferrucci, 2013). In cloud computing, users are allowed to share resources over the web depending on their demand by paying the price as per their usage. Cloud forensics can be considered to be a sub part of the network forensics. Cloud forensics has three dimensions called legal, technical and organizational dimension. Mobile phones often use cloud storage services. Mobile applications are able to store data and leave a trace of criminal activities. This can be helpful for the purpose of investigating any criminal act. It also plays a major role in criminal litigation as well as civil litigation. An organizational structure consists of several types of staffs like internal and external employees and staffs. These staffs play a major role in digital forensic processes (Ruan Carthy, 2012). Investigators are the most important and significant staff that participate in the process of digital forensics. They are highly qualified and experienced individuals who are capable of investigating a criminal activity by using the capabilities of forensics. IT professionals also play a major role in the process of investigation. They assist the investigators and help them when the knowledge of information technology is required. Another main role in the process of digital forensics is played by the legal advisors. These professionals help in identifying the criminals. Cloud Forensics Usage There are several usages of cloud forensics. Some of them are as follows: Investigation: This is the most important usage of cloud forensics. Crimes can be investigated in the cloud environments by using cloud forensics. If there is any violation of policy then that can also be investigated by taking the help of cloud storage forensics (Ruan et al., 2013). Cloud forensics will help to gather evidences for presenting it in the court. Data recovery: The cloud applications can store data. Sometimes these data might get deleted accidentally or unintentionally. Cloud forensics has the capability to recover data after it has got deleted. Cloud forensics can also be used for recovering encrypted data. Troubleshooting: Cloud forensics has made it simple for the users to locate files and documents physically as well as virtually. Log monitoring: Cloud forensics play a significant role in monitoring logs (Thorpe et al., 2013). It helps in the process of regulatory compliance as well as auditing. The process of cloud forensics uses certain procedures like: Data collection: Forensic data is identified as well as acquired from several information sources that exist in the cloud environment. The data can be either from the side of the provider or from the client side. There are different cloud platforms and a single tool cannot be applied in all the platforms. Different tools can be used in the different cloud service models. The collection of data is done in a sequential way and it depends upon the volatility of the data. At first the data with high volatility is collected and after that the low volatile data is collected. Elastic and static forensics: Resources can be provisioned based on the client demand. The cloud forensics tools have an elastic nature. The static and live forensic tools are the most used tools in case of cloud storage forensics. E-discovery, data acquisition as well as data recovery are such examples where such tools are used. Investigation: Data can be retrieved by cloud forensics and these data can be investigated. The data in the cloud platforms are highly susceptible to various kinds of threats and attacks. Pro-active preparation: Forensic-aware cloud applications are designed in this stage. This stage also involves access-control records, tracking authentication and design principles. The framework of investigation of MEGA case study is discussed below: Identification cum collection: The internal storage of iPad as well as that of Samsung Galaxy tab II had been discovered for the collecting evidences. TCPDump had been used for the purpose of monitoring and capturing network traffic. Preservation: The file was acquired and verified by finding out the MD5 hash values. Examination cum analysis: MEGA app was used on Android and iOS devices and then images present in the internal storage were examined. There have been ten experiments where the resetting of the devises had been done. Hex Workshop and 0xED were used for Android devices and iOS devices respectively for carrying out analysis of the internal storage. EDRM was used in the experiment. The experiments that have been conducted on the iOS and Android devices are presented in a table format (Appendix 1 and 2). Researchers have stated that data remnants like file names, usernames had been recovered from iPhone 4 that used iOS version 4.3.5 and from Motorola Droid that used Android version 2.2.2. Data had also been recovered from Windows PC as well as Mac PC (Grispos, Glisson Storer, 2015). Dropbox, Evernote, Google Docs as well as Amazon S3 are the models that play a significant role in the cloud storage application investigation (Chung et al., 2012). Investigation on Windows 7 was conducted in order to find out forensic data from PicasaWeb, Flickr, Dropbox and Google Docs (Marturana, Me Tacconi, 2012). Researchers have said that it is possible to insert forensic tools into the VMs of the Amazon EC2 platform (Dykstra Sherman, 2012). Client analysis and server analysis can also be conducted (Martini Choo, 2013). There are different models of cloud forensics that can be useful in finding out whether any alteration or modification of file contents has taken place (Quick Choo, 2014). It wa s found out that the non-preinstalled app file contents of the iCloud remained same and unchanged. Data can be collected in a programmed way and from a remote or distant location by using a six steps procedure (Martini Choo, 2014). The research of cloud forensics is depicted in a table format (Appendix 3). A sound forensic process has to satisfy the following criteria as mentioned below: Meaning: The real meaning of the data that is collected for investigation purpose must not be lost. Errors: Detection of error is very important in order to maintain the validity of the data. Hash functions play a major role in this process. Transparency: A transparent forensic process will help to carry out an effective as well as honest investigation. Experience: The experience of the investigators and other professionals who play a significant role in investigation must be taken into account. Experienced individuals will help to take a correct decision. The MD5 hash values of the original as well as the downloaded files were determined in the MEGA case study. These has values were compared to find out if any changes had been made or not. Hash values of the files of iOS and Android devices were compared. After this the timestamps of the files were also compared. Findings of Android devices are given below: It has been found out that when a user logs in an application then the username gets saved in the internal storage of the Android device (Daryabar, Dehghantanha Choo, 2017). Determination of decrypted files was also possible. One of the main findings was that it was possible for the Android devices to create and save shared URL links to the files. Findings of iOS devices are given below: Recovery of uploaded files was possible. Recovery of mega.ios.plist documents and files was also possible. It was possible to find out the login details as well (Daryabar, Dehghantanha Choo, 2017). It can be said from the findings that modification of the contents of the downloaded files was not possible by the MEGA app. After comparing the hash values of the original and the downloaded documents it was found out that it remained the same. The timestamps of the original and the downloaded files differed (Quick Choo, 2013). The timestamps of the files had been modified to the timestamps of the destination folders of the devices. The timestamps can be compared for detecting if the files have been modified or not. It is possible to determine the URLs and IP addresses that have been used by the app. It is also possible to determine the server names, certification provider and the timestamps that have been used by cloud storage platforms and devices. Conclusion This report concluded that it was not possible for the MEGA app to modify the contents of the files that have been downloaded. This report discussed about the cloud forensics concepts. It also discussed about the various usages of cloud forensics. This report critically analyzed the case study of MEGA app and found out the type of modification of the metadata that will take place when the file will be uploaded and downloaded. This report discussed about the findings from the case study of MEGA app. This report discussed about the criteria that needs to be satisfied by a sound forensic process. It said that the hash values of the original and downloaded files remained same but the timestamps differed. It also found out how will the evidences that are present on an iOS and an android platform gets affected. This report also gave an overview of the steps to be carried out in a forensic process. References Chung, H., Park, J., Lee, S., Kang, C. (2012). Digital forensic investigation of cloud storage services.Digital investigation,9(2), 81-95. Daryabar, F., Dehghantanha, A., Choo, K. K. R. (2017). Cloud storage forensics: MEGA as a case study.Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences,49(3), 344-357. De Marco, L., Kechadi, M. T., Ferrucci, F. (2013, September). Cloud forensic readiness: Foundations. InInternational Conference on Digital Forensics and Cyber Crime(pp. 237-244). Springer, Cham. Dykstra, J., Sherman, A. T. (2012). Acquiring forensic evidence from infrastructure-as-a-service cloud computing: Exploring and evaluating tools, trust, and techniques.Digital Investigation,9, S90-S98. Grispos, G., Glisson, W. B., Storer, T. (2015). Recovering residual forensic data from smartphone interactions with cloud storage providers.arXiv preprint arXiv:1506.02268. Martini, B., Choo, K. K. R. (2013). Cloud storage forensics: ownCloud as a case study.Digital Investigation,10(4), 287-299. Martini, B., Choo, K. K. R. (2014, September). Remote programmatic vCloud forensics: a six-step collection process and a proof of concept. InTrust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom), 2014 IEEE 13th International Conference on(pp. 935-942). IEEE. Marturana, F., Me, G., Tacconi, S. (2012, October). A case study on digital forensics in the cloud. InCyber-Enabled Distributed Computing and Knowledge Discovery (CyberC), 2012 International Conference on(pp. 111-116). IEEE. Poisel, R., Malzer, E., Tjoa, S. (2013). Evidence and Cloud Computing: The Virtual Machine Introspection Approach.JoWua,4(1), 135-152. Quick, D., Choo, K. K. R. (2013). Forensic collection of cloud storage data: Does the act of collection result in changes to the data or its metadata?.Digital Investigation,10(3), 266-277. Quick, D., Choo, K. K. R. (2014). Google drive: forensic analysis of data remnants.Journal of Network and Computer Applications,40, 179-193. Ruan, K., Carthy, J. (2012, October). Cloud forensic maturity model. InInternational Conference on Digital Forensics and Cyber Crime(pp. 22-41). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Ruan, K., Carthy, J., Kechadi, T., Baggili, I. (2013). Cloud forensics definitions and critical criteria for cloud forensic capability: An overview of survey results.Digital Investigation,10(1), 34-43. Thorpe, S., Grandison, T., Campbell, A., Williams, J., Burrell, K., Ray, I. (2013, June). Towards a forensic-based service oriented architecture framework for auditing of cloud logs. InServices (SERVICES), 203 IEEE Ninth World Congress on(pp. 75-83). IEEE.